One common culprit is cacheable=”false”:

<block class="Vendor\Module\Block\Example"
       name="example"
       template="Vendor_Module::example.phtml"
       cacheable="false"/>

. If such a block appears on the page, Magento treats the entire page as non-cacheable. Even an otherwise normal category or product page may then be rendered again on every request.

Especially with third-party extensions or older customizations, search for cacheable=”false”when full page caching seems ineffective. This attribute is sometimes used to render dynamic content even though other Magento mechanisms, such as Private Content , are more appropriate.

You can display the current handles directly in a template for debugging.

print_r($block->getLayout()->getUpdate()->getHandles());

On a product page, you might see handles such as catalog_product_view or hyva_cms_index_index or hyva_cms_page_view , while categories and CMS pages use their own handles. For custom modules, theme overrides and special product types, this makes it easy to see whether you are editing the right layout XML.

Use this output for debugging only and remove it afterwards. Especially with complex Magento themes, this quick check can save a lot of time.

Copy the file vendor/magento/module-catalog/view/frontend/layout/catalog_category_view.xml into your child theme (if it is not already there), then insert the following code below the body element:

<move element="category.cms" destination ="content" after="category.product"/>

After deployment, the CMS block should appear below the products on the Magento 2 category page.

Solution: Open the theme table and delete all rows that refer to a theme that does not exist.

Solution: Open Tabelle theme and remove any invalid themes.

<reference name="head">
    <action method="setData"><key>title</key><value>... Title Tag ...</value></action>
</reference>

<!-- left -->
<reference name="left">
    <block type="cms/block" name="STATIC_BLOCK_NAME">
        <action method="setBlockId"><block_id>STATIC_BLOCK_ID</block_id></action>
    </block>
</reference>

<block type="page/html_breadcrumbs" name="breadcrumbs" as="breadcrumbs"/>

$this->setColumnCount(4);